Is a bog-plant that is native to Britain and Europe, but is now naturalised in the United States. Used in Europe for over 2000 years as a medicine, especially for soothing digestive and respiratory tracts. The roots and leaves are used medicinally. The root extract is sometimes used to make confectionery.
The root contains a substance called mucilage which has demulcent (soothing) properties, up to 11% of this active constituent exists, and it protects, lubricates and heals inflamed or irritated tissue and mucous membranes. It also contains flavanoids, tannins, phenolic acids and 37% starch,11% pectin, 10% sucrose, 1.7% fat and up to 2% asparagine. It is thought that the mucilage in this herb may also have immune stimulating and blood sugar-lowering properties. Topically it acts as an emollient (skin softening and soothing).
Historically it has been used to treat a number of conditions including:
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Sometimes available in tablet form, capsules or tinctures, it can also be bought in root form for making herbal tea for internal use, or to make poultices for topical applications. Ointments and creams are also available for external use. The leaves and flowers can be added to salads to add flavour, the roots can be boiled and fried in butter and used as a vegetable.
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